| Author | Stuart Moore (@napalmgram), stuart-moore.com |
| Availability | Windows, Linux, macOS |
Want to see the source code for this command? Check out Restore-DbaDatabase on GitHub.
Want to see the Bill Of Health for this command? Check out Restore-DbaDatabase.
Restores a SQL Server Database from a set of backup files.
Upon being passed a list of potential backups files this command will scan the files, select those that contain SQL Server backup sets. It will then filter those files down to a set that can perform the requested restore, checking that we have a full restore chain to the point in time requested by the caller.
The function defaults to working on a remote instance. This means that all paths passed in must be relative to the remote instance. XpDirTree will be used to perform the file scans.
Various means can be used to pass in a list of files to be considered. The default is to recursively scan the folder passed in.
Restore-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance <DbaInstanceParameter>
[-SqlCredential <PSCredential>] -Path <Object[]>
[-DatabaseName <Object[]>]
[-DestinationDataDirectory <String>]
[-DestinationLogDirectory <String>]
[-DestinationFileStreamDirectory <String>]
[-RestoreTime <DateTime>]
[-NoRecovery]
[-WithReplace]
[-KeepReplication]
[-XpDirTree]
[-NoXpDirRecurse]
[-OutputScriptOnly]
[-VerifyOnly]
[-MaintenanceSolutionBackup]
[-FileMapping <Hashtable>]
[-IgnoreLogBackup]
[-IgnoreDiffBackup]
[-UseDestinationDefaultDirectories]
[-ReuseSourceFolderStructure]
[-DestinationFilePrefix <String>]
[-RestoredDatabaseNamePrefix <String>]
[-TrustDbBackupHistory]
[-MaxTransferSize <Int32>]
[-BlockSize <Int32>]
[-BufferCount <Int32>]
[-DirectoryRecurse]
[-EnableException]
[-StandbyDirectory <String>]
[-Continue]
[-ExecuteAs <String>]
[-AzureCredential <String>]
[-ReplaceDbNameInFile]
[-DestinationFileSuffix <String>]
[-KeepCDC]
[-GetBackupInformation <String>]
[-StopAfterGetBackupInformation]
[-SelectBackupInformation <String>]
[-StopAfterSelectBackupInformation]
[-FormatBackupInformation <String>]
[-StopAfterFormatBackupInformation]
[-TestBackupInformation <String>]
[-StopAfterTestBackupInformation]
[-StopBefore]
[-StopMark <String>]
[-StopAfterDate <DateTime>]
[-StatementTimeout <Int32>]
[-WhatIf]
[-Confirm]
[<CommonParameters>]
Restore-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance <DbaInstanceParameter>
[-SqlCredential <PSCredential>] -Path <Object[]>
[-DatabaseName <Object[]>]
[-OutputScriptOnly]
[-TrustDbBackupHistory]
[-MaxTransferSize <Int32>]
[-BlockSize <Int32>]
[-BufferCount <Int32>]
[-EnableException]
[-AzureCredential <String>]
[-GetBackupInformation <String>]
[-StopAfterGetBackupInformation]
[-SelectBackupInformation <String>]
[-StopAfterSelectBackupInformation]
[-FormatBackupInformation <String>]
[-StopAfterFormatBackupInformation]
[-TestBackupInformation <String>]
[-StopAfterTestBackupInformation] -PageRestore <Object> -PageRestoreTailFolder <String>
[-StopBefore]
[-StopMark <String>]
[-StopAfterDate <DateTime>]
[-StatementTimeout <Int32>]
[-WhatIf]
[-Confirm]
[<CommonParameters>]
Restore-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance <DbaInstanceParameter>
[-SqlCredential <PSCredential>]
[-DatabaseName <Object[]>]
[-OutputScriptOnly]
[-EnableException]
[-AzureCredential <String>]
[-Recover]
[-GetBackupInformation <String>]
[-StopAfterGetBackupInformation]
[-SelectBackupInformation <String>]
[-StopAfterSelectBackupInformation]
[-FormatBackupInformation <String>]
[-StopAfterFormatBackupInformation]
[-TestBackupInformation <String>]
[-StopAfterTestBackupInformation]
[-StopBefore]
[-StopMark <String>]
[-StopAfterDate <DateTime>]
[-StatementTimeout <Int32>]
[-WhatIf]
[-Confirm]
[<CommonParameters>]
PS C:\> Restore-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance server1\instance1 -Path \\server2\backups
Scans all the backup files in \server2\backups, filters them and restores the database to server1\instance1
PS C:\> Restore-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance server1\instance1 -Path \\server2\backups -MaintenanceSolutionBackup -DestinationDataDirectory c:\restores
Scans all the backup files in \server2\backups$ stored in an Ola Hallengren style folder structure,
filters them and restores the database to the c:\restores folder on server1\instance1
PS C:\> Get-ChildItem c:\SQLbackups1\, \\server\sqlbackups2 | Restore-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance server1\instance1
Takes the provided files from multiple directories and restores them on server1\instance1
PS C:\> $RestoreTime = Get-Date('11:19 23/12/2016')
PS C:\> Restore-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance server1\instance1 -Path \\server2\backups -MaintenanceSolutionBackup -DestinationDataDirectory c:\restores -RestoreTime $RestoreTime
Scans all the backup files in \server2\backups stored in an Ola Hallengren style folder structure,
filters them and restores the database to the c:\restores folder on server1\instance1 up to 11:19 23/12/2016
PS C:\> $result = Restore-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance server1\instance1 -Path \\server2\backups -DestinationDataDirectory c:\restores -OutputScriptOnly
PS C:\> $result | Out-File -Filepath c:\scripts\restore.sql
Scans all the backup files in \server2\backups, filters them and generate the T-SQL Scripts to restore the database to the latest point in time, and then stores the output in a file for later
retrieval
PS C:\> Restore-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance server1\instance1 -Path c:\backups -DestinationDataDirectory c:\DataFiles -DestinationLogDirectory c:\LogFile
Scans all the files in c:\backups and then restores them onto the SQL Server Instance server1\instance1, placing data files
c:\DataFiles and all the log files into c:\LogFiles
PS C:\> Restore-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance server1\instance1 -Path http://demo.blob.core.windows.net/backups/dbbackup.bak -AzureCredential MyAzureCredential
Will restore the backup held at http://demo.blob.core.windows.net/backups/dbbackup.bak to server1\instance1. The connection to Azure will be made using the
credential MyAzureCredential held on instance Server1\instance1
PS C:\> Restore-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance server1\instance1 -Path http://demo.blob.core.windows.net/backups/dbbackup.bak
Will attempt to restore the backups from http://demo.blob.core.windows.net/backups/dbbackup.bak if a SAS credential with the name http://demo.blob.core.windows.net/backups exists on server1\instance1
PS C:\> $File = Get-ChildItem c:\backups, \\server1\backups
PS C:\> $File | Restore-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance Server1\Instance -UseDestinationDefaultDirectories
This will take all of the files found under the folders c:\backups and \server1\backups, and pipeline them into
Restore-DbaDatabase. Restore-DbaDatabase will then scan all of the files, and restore all of the databases included
to the latest point in time covered by their backups. All data and log files will be moved to the default SQL Server
folder for those file types as defined on the target instance.
PS C:\> $files = Get-ChildItem C:\dbatools\db1
PS C:\> $params = @{
>> SqlInstance = 'server\instance1'
>> DestinationFilePrefix = 'prefix'
>> DatabaseName ='Restored'
>> RestoreTime = (get-date "14:58:30 22/05/2017")
>> NoRecovery = $true
>> WithReplace = $true
>> StandbyDirectory = 'C:\dbatools\standby'
>> }
>>
PS C:\> $files | Restore-DbaDatabase @params
PS C:\> Invoke-DbaQuery -SQLInstance server\instance1 -Query "select top 1 * from Restored.dbo.steps order by dt desc"
PS C:\> $params.RestoreTime = (get-date "15:09:30 22/05/2017")
PS C:\> $params.NoRecovery = $false
PS C:\> $params.Add("Continue",$true)
PS C:\> $files | Restore-DbaDatabase @params
PS C:\> Invoke-DbaQuery -SQLInstance server\instance1 -Query "select top 1 * from Restored.dbo.steps order by dt desc"
PS C:\> Restore-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance server\instance1 -DestinationFilePrefix prefix -DatabaseName Restored -Continue -WithReplace
In this example we step through the backup files held in c:\dbatools\db1 folder.
First we restore the database to a point in time in standby mode. This means we can check some details in the databases
We then roll it on a further 9 minutes to perform some more checks
And finally we continue by rolling it all the way forward to the latest point in the backup.
At each step, only the log files needed to roll the database forward are restored.
PS C:\> Restore-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance server\instance1 -Path c:\backups -DatabaseName example1 -NoRecovery
PS C:\> Restore-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance server\instance1 -Recover -DatabaseName example1
In this example we restore example1 database with no recovery, and then the second call is to set the database to recovery.
PS C:\> $SuspectPage = Get-DbaSuspectPage -SqlInstance server\instance1 -Database ProdFinance
PS C:\> Get-DbaDbBackupHistory -SqlInstance server\instance1 -Database ProdFinance -Last | Restore-DbaDatabase -PageRestore $SuspectPage -PageRestoreTailFolder c:\temp -TrustDbBackupHistory
Gets a list of Suspect Pages using Get-DbaSuspectPage. Then uses Get-DbaDbBackupHistory and Restore-DbaDatabase to perform a restore of the suspect pages and bring them up to date
If server\instance1 is Enterprise edition this will be done online, if not it will be performed offline
PS C:\> $BackupHistory = Get-DbaBackupInformation -SqlInstance sql2005 -Path \\backups\sql2000\ProdDb
PS C:\> $BackupHistory | Restore-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance sql2000 -TrustDbBackupHistory
Due to SQL Server 2000 not returning all the backup headers we cannot restore directly. As this is an issues with the SQL engine all we can offer is the following workaround
This will use a SQL Server instance > 2000 to read the headers, and then pass them in to Restore-DbaDatabase as a BackupHistory object.
PS C:\> Restore-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance server1\instance1 -Path "C:\Temp\devops_prod_full.bak" -DatabaseName "DevOps_DEV" -ReplaceDbNameInFile
PS C:\> Rename-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance server1\instance1 -Database "DevOps_DEV" -LogicalName "<DBN>_<FT>"
This will restore the database from the "C:\Temp\devops_prod_full.bak" file, with the new name "DevOps_DEV" and store the different physical files with the new name. It will use the system default
configured data and log locations.
After the restore the logical names of the database files will be renamed with the "DevOps_DEV_ROWS" for MDF/NDF and "DevOps_DEV_LOG" for LDF
PS C:\> $FileStructure = @{
>> 'database_data' = 'C:\Data\database_data.mdf'
>> 'database_log' = 'C:\Log\database_log.ldf'
>> }
>>
PS C:\> Restore-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance server1 -Path \\ServerName\ShareName\File -DatabaseName database -FileMapping $FileStructure
Restores 'database' to 'server1' and moves the files to new locations. The format for the $FileStructure HashTable is the file logical name as the Key, and the new location as the Value.
PS C:\> $filemap = Get-DbaDbFileMapping -SqlInstance sql2016 -Database test
PS C:\> Get-ChildItem \\nas\db\backups\test | Restore-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance sql2019 -Database test -FileMapping $filemap.FileMapping
Restores test to sql2019 using the file structure built from the existing database on sql2016
PS C:\> Restore-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance server1 -Path \\ServerName\ShareName\File -DatabaseName database -StopMark OvernightStart -StopBefore -StopAfterDate Get-Date('21:00 10/05/2020')
Restores the backups from \ServerName\ShareName\File as database, stops before the first 'OvernightStart' mark that occurs after '21:00 10/05/2020'.
Note that Date time needs to be specified in your local SQL Server culture
The target SQL Server instance.
| Alias | |
| Required | True |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value |
Path to SQL Server backup files.
Paths passed in as strings will be scanned using the desired method, default is a recursive folder scan.
Accepts multiple paths separated by ','.
Or it can consist of FileInfo objects, such as the output of Get-ChildItem or Get-Item. This allows you to work with
your own file structures as needed.
| Alias | |
| Required | True |
| Pipeline | true (ByValue) |
| Default Value |
Passes in an object from Get-DbaSuspectPages containing suspect pages from a single database.
Setting this Parameter will cause an Online Page restore if the target Instance is Enterprise Edition, or offline if not.
This will involve taking a tail log backup, so you must check your restore chain once it has completed.
| Alias | |
| Required | True |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value |
This parameter passes in a location for the tail log backup required for page level restore.
| Alias | |
| Required | True |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value |
Login to the target instance using alternative credentials. Accepts PowerShell credentials (Get-Credential).
Windows Authentication, SQL Server Authentication, Active Directory - Password, and Active Directory - Integrated are all supported.
For MFA support, please use Connect-DbaInstance.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value |
Name to restore the database under.
Only works with a single database restore. If multiple database are found in the provided paths then we will exit.
| Alias | Name |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | true (ByValue) |
| Default Value |
Path to restore the SQL Server backups to on the target instance.
If only this parameter is specified, then all database files (data and log) will be restored to this location.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value |
Path to restore the database log files to.
This parameter can only be specified alongside DestinationDataDirectory.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value |
Path to restore FileStream data to.
This parameter can only be specified alongside DestinationDataDirectory.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value |
Specify a DateTime object to which you want the database restored to. Default is to the latest point available in the specified backups.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | (Get-Date).AddYears(1) |
Indicates if the databases should be recovered after last restore. Default is to recover.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | False |
Switch indicated is the restore is allowed to replace an existing database.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | False |
Indicates whether replication configuration should be restored as part of the database restore operation.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | False |
Switch that indicated file scanning should be performed by the SQL Server instance using xp_dirtree.
This will scan recursively from the passed in path.
You must have sysadmin role membership on the instance for this to work.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | False |
If specified, prevents the XpDirTree process from recursing (its default behaviour).
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | False |
Switch indicates that ONLY T-SQL scripts should be generated, no restore takes place.
Due to the limitations of SMO, this switch cannot be combined with VeriyOnly, and a warning will be raised if it is.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | False |
Switch indicate that restore should be verified.
Due to the limitations of SMO, this switch cannot be combined with OutputScriptOnly, and a warning will be raised if it is.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | False |
Switch to indicate the backup files are in a folder structure as created by Ola Hallengreen's maintenance scripts.
This switch enables a faster check for suitable backups. Other options require all files to be read first to ensure we have an anchoring full backup.
Because we can rely on specific locations for backups performed with OlaHallengren's backup solution, we can rely on file locations.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | False |
A hashtable that can be used to move specific files to a location.
$FileMapping = @{'DataFile1'='c:\restoredfiles\Datafile1.mdf';'DataFile3'='d:\DataFile3.mdf'}
And files not specified in the mapping will be restored to their original location.
This Parameter is exclusive with DestinationDataDirectory.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | true (ByPropertyName) |
| Default Value |
This switch tells the function to ignore transaction log backups. The process will restore to the latest full or differential backup point only.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | False |
This switch tells the function to ignore differential backups. The process will restore to the latest full and onwards with transaction log backups only.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | False |
Switch that tells the restore to use the default Data and Log locations on the target server. If they don't exist, the function will try to create them.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | False |
By default, databases will be migrated to the destination Sql Server's default data and log directories. You can override this by specifying -ReuseSourceFolderStructure.
The same structure on the SOURCE will be kept exactly, so consider this if you're migrating between different versions and use part of Microsoft's default Sql structure (MSSql12.INSTANCE, etc).
*Note, to reuse destination folder structure, specify -WithReplace
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | False |
This value will be prefixed to ALL restored files (log and data). This is just a simple string prefix.
If you want to perform more complex rename operations then please use the FileMapping parameter.
This will apply to all file move options, except for FileMapping.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value |
A string which will be prefixed to the start of the restore Database's Name.
Useful if restoring a copy to the same sql server for testing.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value |
This switch can be used when piping the output of Get-DbaDbBackupHistory or Backup-DbaDatabase into this command.
It allows the user to say that they trust that the output from those commands is correct, and skips the file header read portion of the process.
This means a faster process, but at the risk of not knowing till halfway through the restore that something is wrong with a file.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | False |
Parameter to set the unit of transfer. Values must be a multiple by 64kb.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | 0 |
Specifies the block size to use. Must be one of 0.5kb,1kb,2kb,4kb,8kb,16kb,32kb or 64kb.
Can be specified in bytes.
Refer to https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms178615.aspx for more detail.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | 0 |
Number of I/O buffers to use to perform the operation.
Refer to https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms178615.aspx for more detail.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | 0 |
If specified the specified directory will be recursed into (overriding the default behaviour).
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | False |
By default, when something goes wrong we try to catch it, interpret it and give you a friendly warning message.
This avoids overwhelming you with "sea of red" exceptions, but is inconvenient because it basically disables advanced scripting.
Using this switch turns this "nice by default" feature off and enables you to catch exceptions with your own try/catch.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | False |
If a directory is specified the database(s) will be restored into a standby state, with the standby file placed into this directory (which must exist, and be writable by the target Sql Server
instance).
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value |
If specified we will to attempt to recover more transaction log backups onto database(s) in Recovering or Standby states.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | False |
If value provided the restore will be executed under this login's context. The login must exist, and have the relevant permissions to perform the restore.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value |
The name of the SQL Server credential to be used if restoring from an Azure hosted backup using Storage Access Keys.
If a backup path beginning http is passed in and this parameter is not specified then if a credential with a name matching the URL.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value |
If specified any occurrence of the original database's name in a data or log file will be replaced with the name specified in the DatabaseName parameter.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | False |
This value will be suffixed to ALL restored files (log and data). This is just a simple string suffix.
If you want to perform more complex rename operations then please use the FileMapping parameter.
This will apply to all file move options, except for FileMapping.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value |
If set will perform recovery on the indicated database.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | False |
Indicates whether CDC information should be restored as part of the database.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | False |
Passing a string value into this parameter will cause a global variable to be created holding the output of Get-DbaBackupInformation.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value |
Switch which will cause the function to exit after returning GetBackupInformation.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | False |
Passing a string value into this parameter will cause a global variable to be created holding the output of Select-DbaBackupInformation.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value |
Switch which will cause the function to exit after returning SelectBackupInformation.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | False |
Passing a string value into this parameter will cause a global variable to be created holding the output of Format-DbaBackupInformation.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value |
Switch which will cause the function to exit after returning FormatBackupInformation.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | False |
Passing a string value into this parameter will cause a global variable to be created holding the output of Test-DbaBackupInformation.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value |
Switch which will cause the function to exit after returning TestBackupInformation.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | False |
Switch to indicate the restore should stop before StopMark occurs, default is to stop when mark is created.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | False |
Marked point in the transaction log to stop the restore at (Mark is created via BEGIN TRANSACTION
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/language-elements/begin-transaction-transact-sql?view=sql-server-ver15)).
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value |
By default the restore will stop at the first occurence of StopMark found in the chain, passing a datetime where will cause it to stop the first StopMark atfer that datetime.
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | (Get-Date '01/01/1971') |
Timeout in minutes. Defaults to infinity (restores can take a while).
| Alias | |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value | 0 |
Shows what would happen if the command would execute, but does not actually perform the command.
| Alias | wi |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value |
Prompts to confirm certain actions.
| Alias | cf |
| Required | False |
| Pipeline | false |
| Default Value |